Protein/Creatinine Ratio Interest in Renal Impairment Screening among Hypertensive Expectant Mothers in Sub Saharan Africa

Objective: Determine the prevalence of renal impairment after calculating protein/creatinine ratio among expectant mothers with renal vascular disease.

Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology University Clinic (CUGO) of CNHU-HKM from April 3, 2017 to August 3, 2017. Patients included in this study wereexpectant motherswho reported to the hospital for either antenatal or emergency consultation in CUGO, with high of blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg. They all gave their informed consent to take part in this clinical research.Non-probabilistic sampling was conducted, and expectant mothers meeting our inclusion criteria were included in the study.

Data were collected on paper using the questionnaire, and then entered into Epi-Data version 3.1. Then, Epi-Data 2.2.2.182 and OpenEpi 3.01 were used for data analysis.

Outcomes: Among the 105 expectant mothers selected, 69 met our inclusion criteria.Theexpectant mothers aged ranged from 14 to 42 years, with mean age estimated at 28 ± 6.5 years. Globally, 7.41% of the expectant mothers had hypertension. Referral was the leading mode of admission to hospital. Headache was reported as themost frequent reason for consultation by 40.6% of patients. Hypertension occurred predominantly after 20 weeks gestation with approximately 71% of patients. Preeclampsia was the major diagnosis (approximately 68% of cases). Dipstick proteinuriawas significant for 46 expectant mothers,i.e. 66.6% of cases. For all cases, renal impairment was confirmed by using protein/creatinine ratio.

Conclusion: Protein/creatinine ratio helps to diagnose renal impairmentearly enoughin case of renal vascular disease.

Keywords: renal impairment, hypertension, protein/creatinine ratio.